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SNARK---20120808r022.UNS-Ref.s

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%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% File     : SNARK---20120808r022
% Problem  : HWV008-1.001 : TPTP v8.1.0. Released v2.1.0.
% Transfm  : none
% Format   : tptp:raw
% Command  : run-snark %s %d

% Computer : n015.cluster.edu
% Model    : x86_64 x86_64
% CPU      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 2.10GHz
% Memory   : 8042.1875MB
% OS       : Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
% CPULimit : 300s
% WCLimit  : 600s
% DateTime : Sat Jul 16 19:10:32 EDT 2022

% Result   : Unsatisfiable 0.20s 0.59s
% Output   : Refutation 0.20s
% Verified : 
% SZS Type : Refutation
%            Derivation depth      :   13
%            Number of leaves      :   31
% Syntax   : Number of clauses     :   70 (  46 unt;   3 nHn;  70 RR)
%            Number of literals    :  105 (   0 equ;  40 neg)
%            Maximal clause size   :    5 (   1 avg)
%            Maximal term depth    :    5 (   2 avg)
%            Number of predicates  :    6 (   5 usr;   1 prp; 0-2 aty)
%            Number of functors    :   20 (  20 usr;  12 con; 0-2 aty)
%            Number of variables   :   31 (   2 sgn)

% Comments : 
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cnf(value_propagation1,axiom,
    ( ~ connection(X,Y)
    | ~ value(X,Z)
    | value(Y,Z) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',value_propagation1) ).

cnf(value_propagation2,axiom,
    ( ~ connection(X,Y)
    | ~ value(Y,Z)
    | value(X,Z) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',value_propagation2) ).

cnf(unique_value,axiom,
    ( ~ value(X,Y)
    | ~ value(X,Z)
    | equal_value(Y,Z) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',unique_value) ).

cnf(equal_value2,axiom,
    ~ equal_value(n1,n0),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',equal_value2) ).

cnf(ok_or_abnormal,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,Y)
    | mode(X,ok)
    | mode(X,abnormal) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',ok_or_abnormal) ).

cnf(and_0x_0,axiom,
    ( ~ mode(X,ok)
    | ~ type(X,and)
    | ~ value(in(Y,X),n0)
    | value(out(n1,X),n0) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',and_0x_0) ).

cnf(and_1_x1,axiom,
    ( ~ mode(X,ok)
    | ~ type(X,and)
    | ~ value(out(n1,X),n1)
    | value(in(n2,X),n1) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',and_1_x1) ).

cnf(or_1_11,axiom,
    ( ~ mode(X,ok)
    | ~ type(X,or)
    | ~ value(out(n1,X),n1)
    | value(in(n1,X),n1)
    | value(in(n2,X),n1) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-0.ax',or_1_11) ).

cnf(halfadder_and2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,halfadder)
    | type(and2(X),and) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-1.ax',halfadder_and2) ).

cnf(halfadder_connection_in1_in1and2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,halfadder)
    | connection(in(n1,X),in(n1,and2(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-1.ax',halfadder_connection_in1_in1and2) ).

cnf(halfadder_connection_in2_in2and2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,halfadder)
    | connection(in(n2,X),in(n2,and2(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-1.ax',halfadder_connection_in2_in2and2) ).

cnf(halfadder_connection_outc_out1and2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,halfadder)
    | connection(out(c,X),out(n1,and2(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-1.ax',halfadder_connection_outc_out1and2) ).

cnf(fulladder_halfadder1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | type(h1(X),halfadder) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_halfadder1) ).

cnf(fulladder_halfadder2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | type(h2(X),halfadder) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_halfadder2) ).

cnf(fulladder_or1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | type(or1(X),or) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_or1) ).

cnf(fulladder_connection_outch1_in2or1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | connection(out(c,h1(X)),in(n2,or1(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_connection_outch1_in2or1) ).

cnf(fulladder_connection_outch2_in1or1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | connection(out(c,h2(X)),in(n1,or1(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_connection_outch2_in1or1) ).

cnf(fulladder_connection_in1_in1h2,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | connection(in(n1,X),in(n1,h2(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_connection_in1_in1h2) ).

cnf(fulladder_connection_inc_in2h1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | connection(in(c,X),in(n2,h1(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_connection_inc_in2h1) ).

cnf(fulladder_connection_outc_out1or1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,fulladder)
    | connection(out(c,X),out(n1,or1(X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/Axioms/HWV001-2.ax',fulladder_connection_outc_out1or1) ).

cnf(nbit_adder_fulladder1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,nbit_adder(n1))
    | type(v(n1,X),fulladder) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',nbit_adder_fulladder1) ).

cnf(nbit_adder_connection_outc_outcv1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,nbit_adder(n1))
    | connection(out(c,X),out(c,v(n1,X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',nbit_adder_connection_outc_outcv1) ).

cnf(nbit_adder_connection_ina1_in1v1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,nbit_adder(n1))
    | connection(in(a1,X),in(n1,v(n1,X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',nbit_adder_connection_ina1_in1v1) ).

cnf(nbit_adder_connection_inc_incv1,axiom,
    ( ~ type(X,nbit_adder(n1))
    | connection(in(c,X),in(c,v(n1,X))) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',nbit_adder_connection_inc_incv1) ).

cnf(a_isa_1bit_adder,hypothesis,
    type(a,nbit_adder(n1)),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',a_isa_1bit_adder) ).

cnf(ina1_0,hypothesis,
    value(in(a1,a),n0),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',ina1_0) ).

cnf(inc_0,hypothesis,
    value(in(c,a),n0),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',inc_0) ).

cnf(outc_0,hypothesis,
    value(out(c,a),n1),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',outc_0) ).

cnf(diagnosis_or1v1,negated_conjecture,
    ~ mode(or1(v(n1,a)),abnormal),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',diagnosis_or1v1) ).

cnf(diagnosis_and2h1v1,negated_conjecture,
    ~ mode(and2(h1(v(n1,a))),abnormal),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',diagnosis_and2h1v1) ).

cnf(diagnosis_and2h2v1,negated_conjecture,
    ~ mode(and2(h2(v(n1,a))),abnormal),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',diagnosis_and2h2v1) ).

cnf(66,plain,
    ~ value(in(c,a),n1),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[unique_value,inc_0,equal_value2]) ).

cnf(69,plain,
    type(v(n1,a),fulladder),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[nbit_adder_fulladder1,a_isa_1bit_adder]) ).

cnf(71,plain,
    connection(out(c,a),out(c,v(n1,a))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[nbit_adder_connection_outc_outcv1,a_isa_1bit_adder]) ).

cnf(72,plain,
    connection(in(a1,a),in(n1,v(n1,a))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[nbit_adder_connection_ina1_in1v1,a_isa_1bit_adder]) ).

cnf(74,plain,
    connection(in(c,a),in(c,v(n1,a))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[nbit_adder_connection_inc_incv1,a_isa_1bit_adder]) ).

cnf(83,plain,
    type(or1(v(n1,a)),or),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_or1,69]) ).

cnf(84,plain,
    type(h2(v(n1,a)),halfadder),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_halfadder2,69]) ).

cnf(85,plain,
    type(h1(v(n1,a)),halfadder),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_halfadder1,69]) ).

cnf(87,plain,
    connection(out(c,v(n1,a)),out(n1,or1(v(n1,a)))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_connection_outc_out1or1,69]) ).

cnf(89,plain,
    connection(in(c,v(n1,a)),in(n2,h1(v(n1,a)))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_connection_inc_in2h1,69]) ).

cnf(91,plain,
    connection(in(n1,v(n1,a)),in(n1,h2(v(n1,a)))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_connection_in1_in1h2,69]) ).

cnf(92,plain,
    connection(out(c,h2(v(n1,a))),in(n1,or1(v(n1,a)))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_connection_outch2_in1or1,69]) ).

cnf(93,plain,
    connection(out(c,h1(v(n1,a))),in(n2,or1(v(n1,a)))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[fulladder_connection_outch1_in2or1,69]) ).

cnf(95,plain,
    mode(or1(v(n1,a)),ok),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[ok_or_abnormal,83,diagnosis_or1v1]) ).

cnf(98,plain,
    type(and2(h2(v(n1,a))),and),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_and2,84]) ).

cnf(101,plain,
    connection(out(c,h2(v(n1,a))),out(n1,and2(h2(v(n1,a))))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_connection_outc_out1and2,84]) ).

cnf(104,plain,
    connection(in(n1,h2(v(n1,a))),in(n1,and2(h2(v(n1,a))))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_connection_in1_in1and2,84]) ).

cnf(112,plain,
    type(and2(h1(v(n1,a))),and),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_and2,85]) ).

cnf(115,plain,
    connection(out(c,h1(v(n1,a))),out(n1,and2(h1(v(n1,a))))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_connection_outc_out1and2,85]) ).

cnf(117,plain,
    connection(in(n2,h1(v(n1,a))),in(n2,and2(h1(v(n1,a))))),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[halfadder_connection_in2_in2and2,85]) ).

cnf(128,plain,
    value(out(c,v(n1,a)),n1),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,71,outc_0]) ).

cnf(140,plain,
    value(in(n1,v(n1,a)),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,72,ina1_0]) ).

cnf(153,plain,
    ~ value(in(c,v(n1,a)),n1),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation2,74,66]) ).

cnf(160,plain,
    mode(and2(h2(v(n1,a))),ok),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[ok_or_abnormal,98,diagnosis_and2h2v1]) ).

cnf(164,plain,
    mode(and2(h1(v(n1,a))),ok),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[ok_or_abnormal,112,diagnosis_and2h1v1]) ).

cnf(166,plain,
    value(out(n1,or1(v(n1,a))),n1),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,87,128]) ).

cnf(184,plain,
    ( value(in(n1,or1(v(n1,a))),n1)
    | value(in(n2,or1(v(n1,a))),n1) ),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[or_1_11,166,95,83]) ).

cnf(194,plain,
    ~ value(in(n2,h1(v(n1,a))),n1),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation2,89,153]) ).

cnf(209,plain,
    value(in(n1,h2(v(n1,a))),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,91,140]) ).

cnf(225,plain,
    value(in(n1,and2(h2(v(n1,a)))),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,104,209]) ).

cnf(227,plain,
    value(out(n1,and2(h2(v(n1,a)))),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[and_0x_0,225,160,98]) ).

cnf(236,plain,
    value(out(c,h2(v(n1,a))),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation2,227,101]) ).

cnf(243,plain,
    value(in(n1,or1(v(n1,a))),n0),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,236,92]) ).

cnf(253,plain,
    ~ value(in(n1,or1(v(n1,a))),n1),
    inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[unique_value,243,equal_value2]) ).

cnf(254,plain,
    value(in(n2,or1(v(n1,a))),n1),
    inference('REWRITE',[status(thm)],[184,253]) ).

cnf(261,plain,
    value(out(c,h1(v(n1,a))),n1),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation2,254,93]) ).

cnf(344,plain,
    value(out(n1,and2(h1(v(n1,a)))),n1),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation1,115,261]) ).

cnf(346,plain,
    value(in(n2,and2(h1(v(n1,a)))),n1),
    inference('HYPERRESOLVE',[status(thm)],[and_1_x1,344,164,112]) ).

cnf(407,plain,
    $false,
    inference('REWRITE',[status(thm)],[inference('UR-RESOLVE',[status(thm)],[value_propagation2,346,194]),117]) ).

%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%----ORIGINAL SYSTEM OUTPUT
% 0.08/0.13  % Problem  : HWV008-1.001 : TPTP v8.1.0. Released v2.1.0.
% 0.08/0.14  % Command  : run-snark %s %d
% 0.13/0.35  % Computer : n015.cluster.edu
% 0.13/0.35  % Model    : x86_64 x86_64
% 0.13/0.35  % CPU      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 @ 2.10GHz
% 0.13/0.35  % Memory   : 8042.1875MB
% 0.13/0.35  % OS       : Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
% 0.13/0.35  % CPULimit : 300
% 0.13/0.35  % WCLimit  : 600
% 0.13/0.35  % DateTime : Fri Jun 17 03:21:57 EDT 2022
% 0.13/0.35  % CPUTime  : 
% 0.20/0.46  /export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p
% 0.20/0.47  * 
% 0.20/0.47  * 
% 0.20/0.48  #<PACKAGE "SNARK-USER">
% 0.20/0.48  * 
% 0.20/0.48  SNARK-TPTP-OPTIONS
% 0.20/0.48  * 
% 0.20/0.48  ((AGENDA-LENGTH-LIMIT NIL) (AGENDA-LENGTH-BEFORE-SIMPLIFICATION-LIMIT NIL)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-HYPERRESOLUTION T) (USE-UR-RESOLUTION T) (USE-PARAMODULATION T)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-FACTORING :POS)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-LITERAL-ORDERING-WITH-HYPERRESOLUTION 'LITERAL-ORDERING-P)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-LITERAL-ORDERING-WITH-PARAMODULATION 'LITERAL-ORDERING-P)
% 0.20/0.48   (ORDERING-FUNCTIONS>CONSTANTS T) (ASSERT-CONTEXT :CURRENT)
% 0.20/0.48   (RUN-TIME-LIMIT 300) (LISTEN-FOR-COMMANDS NIL)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-CLOSURE-WHEN-SATISFIABLE T) (PRINT-ROWS-WHEN-GIVEN NIL)
% 0.20/0.48   (PRINT-ROWS-WHEN-DERIVED NIL) (PRINT-UNORIENTABLE-ROWS NIL)
% 0.20/0.48   (PRINT-ROW-WFFS-PRETTILY NIL) (PRINT-FINAL-ROWS :TPTP)
% 0.20/0.48   (PRINT-OPTIONS-WHEN-STARTING NIL) (USE-VARIABLE-NAME-SORTS NIL)
% 0.20/0.48   (USE-PURITY-TEST T) (USE-RELEVANCE-TEST T) (DECLARE-TPTP-SYMBOLS1)
% 0.20/0.48   (DECLARE-TPTP-SYMBOLS2))
% 0.20/0.48  * 
% 0.20/0.48  "."
% 0.20/0.48  * 
% 0.20/0.48  ; Begin refute-file /export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p 2022-06-17T03:21:57
% 0.20/0.48  ; Running SNARK from /davis/home/graph/tptp/Systems/SNARK---20120808r022/Source/snark-system.lisp in SBCL 1.0.12 on n015.cluster.edu at 2022-06-17T03:21:57
% 0.20/0.59  
% 0.20/0.59  
% 0.20/0.59  #||
% 0.20/0.59  % SZS status Unsatisfiable for /export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p
% 0.20/0.59  % SZS output start Refutation
% See solution above
% 0.20/0.60  ||#
% 0.20/0.60  
% 0.20/0.60  ; Summary of computation:
% 0.20/0.60  ;       896 formulas have been input or derived (from 253 formulas).
% 0.44/0.60  ;       407 (45%) were retained.  Of these,
% 0.44/0.60  ;            1 ( 0%) were simplified or subsumed later,
% 0.44/0.60  ;          406 (100%) are still being kept.
% 0.44/0.60  ; 
% 0.44/0.60  ; Run time in seconds excluding printing time:
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.013  11%   Read assertion file          (1 call)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.001   1%   Assert                       (60 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.036  31%   Process new row              (778 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.018  16%   Resolution                   (504 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.008   7%   Paramodulation               (252 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.000   0%   Factoring                    (4 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.002   2%   Condensing                   (60 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.001   1%   Forward subsumption          (60 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.003   3%   Backward subsumption         (60 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.000   0%   Clause clause subsumption    (2 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.006   5%   Forward simplification       (778 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.002   2%   Backward simplification      (407 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.000   0%   Ordering                     (8 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.000   0%   Sortal reasoning             (32 calls)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.000   0%   Purity testing               (1 call)
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.026  22%   Other
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.116        Total
% 0.44/0.60  ;     0.121        Real time
% 0.44/0.60  ; 
% 0.44/0.60  ; Term-hash-array has 514 terms in all.
% 0.44/0.60  ; Feature-vector-row-index has 59 entries (60 at peak, 60 added, 1 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ; Feature-vector-row-index has 410 nodes (427 at peak, 427 added, 17 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ;  Retrieved 2 possibly forward subsuming rows in 60 calls.
% 0.44/0.60  ;  Retrieved 2 possibly backward subsumed rows in 60 calls.
% 0.44/0.60  ; Path-index has 529 entries (529 at peak, 530 added, 1 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ; Path-index has 864 nodes (864 at peak, 864 added, 0 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ; Trie-index has 529 entries (529 at peak, 530 added, 1 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ; Trie-index has 1,984 nodes (1,984 at peak, 1,985 added, 1 deleted).
% 0.44/0.60  ; Retrieved 375 generalization terms in 739 calls.
% 0.44/0.60  ; Retrieved 346 instance terms in 346 calls.
% 0.44/0.60  ; Retrieved 4,989 unifiable terms in 3,519 calls.
% 0.44/0.60  ; 
% 0.44/0.60  ; The agenda of rows to process has 13 entries:
% 0.44/0.60  ;     3 with value 27             10 with value 28
% 0.44/0.60  ; The agenda of rows to give has 153 entries:
% 0.44/0.60  ;     1 with value (4 21)         26 with value (4 24)          16 with value (4 27)
% 0.44/0.60  ;    26 with value (4 22)         24 with value (4 25)           4 with value (4 28)
% 0.44/0.60  ;    30 with value (4 23)         26 with value (4 26)
% 0.44/0.60  Evaluation took:
% 0.44/0.60    0.122 seconds of real time
% 0.44/0.60    0.103974 seconds of user run time
% 0.44/0.60    0.017737 seconds of system run time
% 0.44/0.60    0 calls to %EVAL
% 0.44/0.60    0 page faults and
% 0.44/0.60    10,948,952 bytes consed.
% 0.44/0.60  :PROOF-FOUND
% 0.44/0.60  ; End refute-file /export/starexec/sandbox/benchmark/theBenchmark.p 2022-06-17T03:21:57
% 0.44/0.60  :PROOF-FOUND
% 0.44/0.60  * 
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------