%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% File : Leo-III---1.8.0
% Problem : PUZ031+3 : TPTP v9.3.1. Released v4.1.0.
% Transfm : none
% Format : tptp:raw
% Command : java -Xss128m -Xmx2g -Xms1g -jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/leo3.jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p -t 300 -p --atp eprover=/export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/externals/eprover --instantiate 39
% Computer : n010.cluster.edu
% Model : x86_64 x86_64
% CPU : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 2.10GHz
% Memory : 8046.5625MB
% OS : Linux 6.8.0-71-generic
% CPULimit : 300s
% WCLimit : 300s
% DateTime : Sun Sep 27 08:21:09 AM UTC 2026
% Result : Theorem 6.67s 3.68s
% Output : Refutation 6.90s
% Verified :
% SZS Type : Refutation
% Derivation depth : 3
% Number of leaves : 29
% Syntax : Number of formulae : 60 ( 19 unt; 0 typ; 0 def)
% Number of atoms : 142 ( 0 equ; 0 cnn)
% Maximal formula atoms : 8 ( 2 avg)
% Number of connectives : 265 ( 8 ~; 2 |; 36 &; 175 @)
% ( 0 <=>; 44 =>; 0 <=; 0 <~>)
% Maximal formula depth : 12 ( 5 avg)
% Number of types : 2 ( 0 usr)
% Number of type conns : 0 ( 0 >; 0 *; 0 +; 0 <<)
% Number of symbols : 12 ( 11 usr; 1 con; 0-2 aty)
% Number of variables : 91 ( 0 ^; 58 !; 33 ?; 91 :)
% Comments :
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
thf(animal_decl,type,
animal: $i > $o ).
thf(grain_decl,type,
grain: $i > $o ).
thf(eats_decl,type,
eats: $i > $i > $o ).
thf(bird_decl,type,
bird: $i > $o ).
thf(caterpillar_decl,type,
caterpillar: $i > $o ).
thf(much_smaller_decl,type,
much_smaller: $i > $i > $o ).
thf(fox_decl,type,
fox: $i > $o ).
thf(wolf_decl,type,
wolf: $i > $o ).
thf(snail_decl,type,
snail: $i > $o ).
thf(edible_decl,type,
edible: $i > $o ).
thf(plant_decl,type,
plant: $i > $o ).
thf(29,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ snail )
=> ? [B: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( B @ plant ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_14a) ).
thf(88,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ snail )
=> ? [B: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( B @ plant ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[29]) ).
thf(14,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ bird ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',bird_type) ).
thf(56,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ bird ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[14]) ).
thf(7,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ edible ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',edible_type) ).
thf(42,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ edible ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[7]) ).
thf(12,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ snail ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',snail_type) ).
thf(52,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ snail ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[12]) ).
thf(27,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ grain )
& ( A @ wolf ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_11a) ).
thf(84,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ grain )
& ( A @ wolf ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[27]) ).
thf(22,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ wolf )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',wolf_is_animal) ).
thf(74,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ wolf )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[22]) ).
thf(16,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ animal )
=> ( ! [B: $i] :
( ( B @ animal )
=> ( ( ? [C: $i] :
( ( C @ ( B @ eats ) )
& ( C @ plant ) )
& ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ) )
| ! [B: $i] :
( ( B @ plant )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_7) ).
thf(60,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ animal )
=> ( ! [B: $i] :
( ( B @ animal )
=> ( ( ? [C: $i] :
( ( C @ ( B @ eats ) )
& ( C @ plant ) )
& ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ) )
| ! [B: $i] :
( ( B @ plant )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[16]) ).
thf(30,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ fox )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',fox_is_animal) ).
thf(92,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ fox )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[30]) ).
thf(8,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ wolf ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',wolf_type) ).
thf(44,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ wolf ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[8]) ).
thf(23,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ caterpillar )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',caterpillar_is_animal) ).
thf(76,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ caterpillar )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[23]) ).
thf(19,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ caterpillar )
=> ? [B: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( B @ plant ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_14) ).
thf(66,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ caterpillar )
=> ? [B: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( B @ plant ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[19]) ).
thf(25,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ grain ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',grain_type) ).
thf(80,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ grain ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[25]) ).
thf(10,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ plant )
=> ( A @ edible ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',plant_is_edible) ).
thf(48,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ plant )
=> ( A @ edible ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[10]) ).
thf(21,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ grain )
=> ( A @ plant ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',grain_is_plant) ).
thf(72,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ grain )
=> ( A @ plant ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[21]) ).
thf(6,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ snail )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_8) ).
thf(40,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ snail )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[6]) ).
thf(4,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ wolf )
& ( A @ fox ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ much_smaller ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_10) ).
thf(36,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ wolf )
& ( A @ fox ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ much_smaller ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[4]) ).
thf(17,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ animal )
=> ( A @ edible ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',animal_is_edible) ).
thf(62,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ animal )
=> ( A @ edible ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[17]) ).
thf(9,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ fox ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',fox_type) ).
thf(46,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ fox ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[9]) ).
thf(24,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ fox )
& ( A @ wolf ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_11) ).
thf(78,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ fox )
& ( A @ wolf ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[24]) ).
thf(5,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ fox )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ much_smaller ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_9) ).
thf(38,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ fox )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ much_smaller ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[5]) ).
thf(20,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ animal ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',animal_type) ).
thf(70,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ animal ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[20]) ).
thf(3,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ caterpillar )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_8a) ).
thf(34,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ caterpillar )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( A @ ( B @ much_smaller ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[3]) ).
thf(18,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ caterpillar )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_12) ).
thf(64,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ caterpillar )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[18]) ).
thf(13,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ plant ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',plant_type) ).
thf(54,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ plant ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[13]) ).
thf(28,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ snail )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',snail_is_animal) ).
thf(86,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ snail )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[28]) ).
thf(11,axiom,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ caterpillar ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',caterpillar_type) ).
thf(50,plain,
? [A: $i] : ( A @ caterpillar ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[11]) ).
thf(1,conjecture,
? [A: $i,B: $i,C: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( C @ ( B @ eats ) )
& ( C @ grain )
& ( B @ animal )
& ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47) ).
thf(2,negated_conjecture,
~ ? [A: $i,B: $i,C: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( C @ ( B @ eats ) )
& ( C @ grain )
& ( B @ animal )
& ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(neg_conjecture,[status(cth)],[1]) ).
thf(31,plain,
~ ? [A: $i,B: $i,C: $i] :
( ( B @ ( A @ eats ) )
& ( C @ ( B @ eats ) )
& ( C @ grain )
& ( B @ animal )
& ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[2]) ).
thf(15,axiom,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ snail )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',pel47_13) ).
thf(58,plain,
! [A: $i,B: $i] :
( ( ( B @ snail )
& ( A @ bird ) )
=> ~ ( B @ ( A @ eats ) ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[15]) ).
thf(26,axiom,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ bird )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',bird_is_animal) ).
thf(82,plain,
! [A: $i] :
( ( A @ bird )
=> ( A @ animal ) ),
inference(defexp_and_simp_and_etaexpand,[status(thm)],[26]) ).
thf(94,plain,
$false,
inference(e,[status(thm)],[88,56,42,52,84,74,60,92,44,76,66,80,48,72,40,36,62,46,78,38,70,34,64,54,86,50,31,58,82]) ).
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%----ORIGINAL SYSTEM OUTPUT
% 0.00/0.05 % Problem : PUZ031+3 : TPTP v9.3.1. Released v4.1.0.
% 0.00/0.14 % Command : java -Xss128m -Xmx2g -Xms1g -jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/leo3.jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p -t 300 -p --atp eprover=/export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/externals/eprover --instantiate 39
% 0.27/0.52 % Computer : n010.cluster.edu
% 0.27/0.52 % Model : x86_64 x86_64
% 0.27/0.52 % CPU : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 @ 2.10GHz
% 0.27/0.52 % Memory : 8046.5625MB
% 0.27/0.52 % OS : Linux 6.8.0-71-generic
% 0.27/0.52 % CPULimit : 300
% 0.27/0.52 % WCLimit : 300
% 0.27/0.52 % DateTime : Sat Sep 26 05:06:45 UTC 2026
% 0.27/0.52 % CPUTime :
% 0.27/0.52 Running java -Xss128m -Xmx2g -Xms1g -jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/leo3.jar /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p -t 300 -p --atp eprover=/export/starexec/sandbox2/solver/bin/externals/eprover --instantiate 39
% 1.30/1.27 % [INFO] Parsing problem /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p ...
% 1.93/1.52 % [INFO] Parsing done (243ms).
% 1.93/1.54 % [INFO] Running in sequential loop mode.
% 3.18/2.18 % [INFO] eprover registered as external prover.
% 3.18/2.19 % [INFO] Scanning for conjecture ...
% 3.46/2.34 % [INFO] Found a conjecture (or negated_conjecture) and 28 axioms. Running axiom selection ...
% 3.64/2.45 % [INFO] Axiom selection finished. Selected 28 axioms (removed 0 axioms).
% 3.88/2.51 % [INFO] Problem is first-order (TPTP FOF).
% 3.88/2.52 % [INFO] Type checking passed.
% 3.88/2.53 % [CONFIG] Using configuration: timeout(300) with strategy<name(default),share(1.0),primSubst(3),sos(false),unifierCount(4),uniDepth(8),boolExt(true),choice(true),renaming(true),funcspec(false), domConstr(0),specialInstances(39),restrictUniAttempts(true),termOrdering(CPO)>. Searching for refutation ...
% 6.67/3.67 % External prover 'e' found a proof!
% 6.67/3.67 % [INFO] Killing All external provers ...
% 6.67/3.67 % Time passed: 2929ms (effective reasoning time: 2118ms)
% 6.67/3.67 % Solved by strategy<name(default),share(1.0),primSubst(3),sos(false),unifierCount(4),uniDepth(8),boolExt(true),choice(true),renaming(true),funcspec(false), domConstr(0),specialInstances(39),restrictUniAttempts(true),termOrdering(CPO)>
% 6.67/3.67 % Axioms used in derivation (28): pel47_11, fox_is_animal, bird_type, pel47_14a, snail_type, pel47_11a, pel47_12, bird_is_animal, animal_type, animal_is_edible, wolf_is_animal, caterpillar_type, pel47_7, pel47_10, snail_is_animal, fox_type, pel47_14, edible_type, pel47_8, wolf_type, pel47_13, grain_is_plant, pel47_9, plant_type, grain_type, plant_is_edible, caterpillar_is_animal, pel47_8a
% 6.67/3.67 % No. of inferences in proof: 60
% 6.67/3.68 % SZS status Theorem for /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p : 2929 ms resp. 2118 ms w/o parsing
% 6.90/3.79 % SZS output start Refutation for /export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p
% See solution above
% 6.90/3.79 % [INFO] Killing All external provers ...
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------